moore



March 13, 1945. c. B. MOORE PNEUMATIC MEASURING INSTRUMENT- Filed May 28, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet l llllllll ,INVENTOR. COLEMAN B. MOORE FIG. 3.

A ORNEY March 13, 1945; c. B. MOORE 2,371,253

PNEUMATIC MEASURiNG INSTRUMENT Filed May 28, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVE'N'I OR. COLEMAN B. MOORE AT NEY Patented Mar. 13, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Go eman B. Mooreiqarmll limhlat. assignor to.- The Brown I st ument Comn nm Ph l d lphia, Pad a corporation of Pennsylvania u -m ma 2 1942;..Seriaalefim4443M:

3'C1aims. (01. 737195;)

application relates tofluid operated; ap paratustand is a, continuation" in part; of mycopendinei application Serial. Number 153,008, filed November 5, 1937 Patent 2,311,853: granted February 23, 1943.

The-- prime object; of this invention is: (ad provide an improved telemetering apparatus comprising. at'plurality ofi'lmeasuring devices. or transmit-t tens; eachfresponsivet tot different uariabl quam. titties. and: each: creating and: transmitting an. air pressure: which-wanes withmhes quantitysmeasured, and 24 reeeiwer for measuring theair pressurestransmitted by: the transmitters for totalizing the transmitted; pressures. and for exhibiting thev totalized' transmitted ain pressures and hence the sums of; the: quantities being: measured by the transmitters.

Such-at telemetering apparatus findstparticular utility! exhibiting, the total. amounhof fuel. de-, hwmiedtdafurnace. For example, onetransmits measurethe amount of; fuel supplied 'fmmione: source totth t furnace and. the othen mayis. as e o hrou h a. manometer le merit of; the transmittersishown Fig. 1;.

in through which. h manometer. element testhepressure transmitted to thereceiver; eie ati n i n par s roken away; 1 Whit head I 1 3 5. 1s, a peiispectiye viewof the totalizin evice Qfthe r ceiver: t

u e 1 illustratesutwoi transmittersBL and BK t: identical; construction for; transmitting air mstsii leis 120.! the receiver" 1-1,. A. conduitAwh-ich:

nr example deliizer fuel. to a furnace ,in-. etudnsaantaperturede orifice: plate A}. and: the pres.- mtn r heirhi ht and low, side of. the apfilblllifidi driiioerlatei At caused by n w: in the) conduit :in

the direction of the arrow' are transmittedby; pipes A2 andrA respectively; to the transmitter element B..- .The-latter-maintaims an airrpressure which varies as thetfiew through.v the conduit: AL varies and whichis. transmitted bywthe pipe. BL, to. thedistantreceiver element L.. In a like mane, men a conduit AX which may deliver fuel t the. same. or. di-fierent furnace includes any apertured orificeipiate AX Theipressuizes-atthehigh and: 10m sides at this apertured orificeplateirrisl caused; by: flow; through. the conduit-AX in the direction of; the;- arrow are transmitted. by; pipes AX and. to the transmitter, element BX; Theiatter maintains an. pressure. which. varies. as the flonrrthrdush. the conduit; varies: Whit-Iris transmitted. by the pipe. BXL. to-the distant. re: Qeirerelementht The; distant receiver; element L n an; instrument estimated: by the air pressures transmitted to it throu h the pipesBL. and BXL, nli otalizing. the air pressures, andfor'recdrdin he f t e flaws. throu h. the conduits; A; and AK.-

Th ns r mentsfi andiBX are. identical inconstrutt nn and. each. includes. a. manometer C re? n ns v o. the differentiaiof the nressuresitranse mithfitl; by h p pes A? andA? or A2Q.and.A2S-T-.. lrm he t rm: shown in Eiaure. 2; the manometer 53. a: casing enclosin a bellows chamber. .A ,el owsll in heehamber Q is connected:

bellows. n flinstthe. sum. of two forc'esi, One-.01

his an elevation. otthe, transmitter mechaa said forces is t11e.pressure .m,t h pip A? tram, mitted to. the interior or the bel1 ws. I2= through ms" m Q nd the th r orlsaid. nr es the;

force, of.v a Sp g D hich. te ds; 0 lfln ntet and opposes. the, contraction. of, the bellows D.

The. e1Qn a innandtcontractionof: the e. lQwSi D; gives. counter-clockwise and cldckwise. rotative: movements, respectively, to a, rock. shafit; E na-ssh mg; h o h a ll. f, the: manormeterv casing and; makinga pressure tightjoint therewith, said-shaft havinganarmuE; withinthe. chamber C; which. bears against. the outer. side: of the moyable, beltlows head end: D approximatelyat. its. center, mall; normal. positionsofithe arm E. The shaft. 1. ndi-narts; connected: thereto t. are biased, as by: means of gravity, to. holdthez arm E: lightly in contact with the movable bellows end D Externally of the chamber C, the shaft E carries an arm E As shown the arm E transmits the angular movements of the shaft E to an arm E, which is pivotally mounted on the shaft E, but is normally clamped to the arm E by the clamping screw E The latter, when loosened, permits of an angular relative adjustment of the arms E and E The oscillatory movements of the arm E operate through a link E to angularly adjust a lever F. The latter is connected by a pivot pin FG to a lever G which is mounted to turn about a fixed pivot B At its end remote from the link E the lever F carries a pin F which controls the position of a flapper valve H relative to the nozzle, or bleed orifice, h, of the air controller valve mechanism of the instrument B. The 'flapper'I-I is pivoted at B and is biased for movement toward the nozzle h by a spring H, and is moved away from nozzle 71., or permitted to approach the latter, accordingly as the pin F is adjusted to the right or to the left, as seen in Fig. 3. The pin F is moved torthe right by a clockwise adjustment of the lever F about its pivot FG, and also by a counter-clockwise adjustment of the lever G about its supporting pivot B On a counter-clockwise adjustment of the lever F, and also on a clockwise adjustment of the lever G, the pin F is moved to the left, thereby permitting the valve H to approach the nozzle h. The nozzle h. receivesair through a restricted orifice H from a compressed air supply pipe I. The nozzle pressure of the instrument B, i. e., the pressure at the outlet side of the restricted orifice H depends upon the distance of the flapper valve H from the nozzle h, and the valve H is adjusted as required to make that pressure vary with the angular position .of the shaft E.

r In the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, the angular adjustment of the shaft E will be in linear proportion to the difference between the pressures at the opposite sides of the orifice plate A. a That pressure difference, while a function of the flow through the conduit A, is not in linear proportion thereto, but is approximately proportional to the square of the flow through the conduit A. For various reasons, it is practically important and desirable that the pressure in the nozzle h, which is the pressure-transmitted to the receiver L, should vary in linear proportion with the flow through conduit A, and this result is obtained with the mechanism shown in Fig. 3, by its provisions for automatically adjusting the lever G about the pivot B in response to variations in the nozzle pressure. As shown, the shaft E will move clockwise in Figure 2 for an increase in flow through pipes A or AX, while the shaft E in Figure 3 will move'in a counter-clockwise direction foran increase in flow.

-To so adjust the lever G, the nozzle pressure is transmitted through a passage H to a bellows chamber H in a flapper adjusting pressure responsive device HA, which, as shown, supports the nozzle h, flapper H, lever G, and other parts. A bellows element H is located in the chamber H and has-one end anchored to an end wall of said chamber. The opposite and movable end of the bellows H is closed by a head H The interior of the bellows H is exposed to the pressure of the atmosphere. The nozzle pressure transmitted to the chamber H from the passage H acts externally on the bellows H tending to compress or shorten the latter. The contraction of the bellows is opposed by a resilient force which may comprise a -component due to the resiliency of the bellows H and a component due to a spring H The tension of the latter may be adjusted by adjustment of a threaded abutment member H Changes in length of the bellows H give corresponding angular adjustments to a lever J journalled on a stationary pivot JB. As shown, the lever J is operatively connected to the bellows by a plunger H having one end engaging an abutment member Hi within the bellows and carried by the movable end head H of the latter and having its opposite end pivoted to a connection part J connected to the lever J by a clamping screw J passin through a slot J in the lever J, whereby the pivotal connection between the plunger H and the connection part J may be adjusted toward and away from the pivot JB for the lever J. A micrometer screw J threaded through a projection J on the lever J is used to adjust the connection part J along the lever J with a great degree of accuracy. The lever J is provided at its iree end with a pin or projection J which engages the cam edge G of a cam lever G.

The cam edge G is so shaped with reference to the movement of the cam lever about its pivot B and with reference to the movement of .the projection J about the pivot JB, that as the link E moves in approximate proportion to variations in the square of the rate of flow through the conduit A, the adjustments thereby given to the valve H by the pin F are so modified by the adjustment of the cam lever G effected by the change in the 'pressure in the chamber H that said change in pressurewill be in linear proportion to the change in said flow. As will be apparent, when the functional relation of the flow or other quantity measured, to the angular movement of the lever J is known, the cam edge G can be given the shape necessary to make the pressure in the chamber H- proportional to the flow or other quantity measured.

As shown, the instrument B includes flow indicating means comprising an index Kpivoted'at K to deflect along an instrument scale B" in accordance with the flow through conduit-A. The index K is deflected by means of a link K connected to an arm K pivoted coaxially with the index K and rigidly connected to the latter. The link K operatively connects the index to the lever J. To this end, in the construction illustrated, in Fig. 3, the link K is pivotally connected through a connection part K, to a lever arm K coaxial with the lever J and sharing the angular movements of the latter. The part K is connected to the arm K by a clamping screw and slot, so as to permit of anadjustment in the ratio of the angular movements of the lever J and the index K. The arm K is connected to the lever J so as to turn with the latter and imparts its movements to the index K. A spring K is provided to exert a clockwise bias on levers As the flow through the conduit A varies the pressure differential transmitted by the pipes A and A to the manometer C, elongates'or contracts thebellows D, and thereby gives angular movement to the shaft E. Each angular movement of the latter, give an angular movement to the lever F, and thereby adjusts .thefl apper H. The resultant change in the pressure in thenozzle h acts through the bellows H tto effect an adjustment of the lever J. along the cam edge G,

and thereby effects a further adjustment of the valve I-I. With the cam edge G of the lever G suitably shaped,the ultimate adjustment given the flapper valve Hfwill be that required to vary the control pressure in the nozzle h in accordance with the change in the rate of fiowinthe conduit A,. although the pressure differential transmitted by pipes A and A varies approximately in proportion tothe squar of the flow through the conduit.

. .The transmitter B is so adjusted that at the minimum flow which it is desired to record, for the range of the manometer being used, the pin J will be engaging lever G at the point Where the cam surfac G intersects a second cam surface G of the lever G, and the air pressure in space H will be at the lowest value it assumes for transmitting purposes. The inclination of cam surface G? with respect to the path of movement of pinJ, is such that when the pin J is in engagement with the surface G a given change in pressure in the space H will result in a greater angular adjustment of the lever G, than when surface G is engaged by the pin J In consequence, a movement of the link E of given extent, will result in a smaller change in the pressure in space H when pin J is in engagement with surface G than when in engagement with surface G. Since the variation in this air pressure causes a consequent variation in the setting of the indicator K, the use of the cam surface G provides a more definite zero point, which would otherwise be critical due to the high multiplying factor of surface G. When the transmitteris not operating, the air pressure in space H becomes equal to that of the atmosphere, and the indicating hand pointer K will move below the zero of scale B in Fig. 1, thus showing that the instrument is out of service.

Transmitter element BX operates in the same manner as transmitter element B, each maintaining a pressure in the pipes BL and BXL, respectively, a pressure corresponding to the rate of flow through conduits A and AX, respectively.

The receiver L is shown in detail in Figs. 4 and 5. The pipe BL transmits the air pressure from transmitter B to a bellows SA and the pipe BXL. transmits the air pressure from the transmitter BX to a bellows SB. Each of the bellows SA and SB has one end secured to a support S, and has its movable opposite end S formed with a portion extending axially into the bellows and recessed to provide a seat for one end of a corresponding plunger or thrust rod S Each rod S has its outer end connected to a corresponding arm S of a rock shaft 8* journalled in a bracket S mounted on the support S.

An increase in the pressure transmitted to either bellows SA or SB, tending to elongate that bellows, tends through the corresponding arm S to give a clockwise adjustment to the shaft S in the clockwise direction as shown in Fig. 5, and such adjustment of the shaft S is effected by an increase in the aggregate bellows pressure acting on the shaft through the two arms S The extent of the shaft adjustment effected by a given increase in the aggregate bellows pressure is determined by means comprising an arm S secured to the shaft 5* and connected through a connecting rod S to the spring abutment S bearing against the movable end of a spring S The latter has its opposite end supported by the support S, so that a clockwise adjustment of the shaft S is opposed by, and increases, the compression of the spring S The angular position of the shaft S is thus proportional to the sum of. the pressures transmitted to the two bellows SA and SB from the transmitters respectively connected thereto by the two pipes BL and BXL.

The angular adjustment of the rock shaft S acts through a rock shaft armiS to give motion to a link L The motion of the latter may adjust an exhibiting pointer or pen arm, a control element, or a plurality of elements. As shown the connection betweeneach plunger S and the corresponding arm S is adjustable toward and away from the shaft S thus providing for adjustment of the ratio between a quantity represented by the pressure transmitted by the corresponding bellows SA or SB and the. tension of the spring S Stated differently, the relative adjustability of the distances between the shaft S and the connections of the different arms S with the corresponding plunger S permits the effects of changes'in pressure in the different bellows SA and SB to be brought into suitable scale relationship. As shown the link connection between the link L and arm S is adjustable 'toward and away from the shaft S and this 'adjustment may be employed to adjust or calibrate the exhibiting means actuated by the link L so a to obtain, full scale deflection for a given magnitude of variation in the sum of the pressures in the different bellows SA and SB.

As will be apparent the pressures in the bellows SA and SB must vary in linear proportion with the quantities of which they are measures, in order that the bellows and associated apparatus may exhibit or produce a control effect proportional to the sum of said quantities.

The link L operates through an arm L to rotate a shaft L in accordance with the summation of the pressures acting on the bellows SA and SB. The shaft L operates a pen arm L" for recording the total pressures on a rotatable chart The shaft L may also operate an arm L which controls the operation of an integrator mechanism L which may be of the type shown and described in T. R. Harrison Patent 1,743,853, granted January 14, 1930. This integrator apparatus L may operate an arm L for operating a counter L for exhibiting the integrated values of the total pressures acting on the bellows SA and SB.

While in accordance with the provisions of the statutes, 1 have illustrated and described the best form of this invention now known to me, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed without departing from the spirit of this invention as set forth in the appended claims, and that in some cases certain features of this invention may sometimes be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having now described this invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a pneumatic measuring system for measuring the sum of a plurality of independent flows, the combination of a first independent instrument operative to set up an air pressure proportional to the value of a first flow, a second independent instrument operative to set up an air pressure proportional to the value of a second flow, a third remotely located independent instrument. including thereina first and. a second pressure. responsive device, means. toapply. said flrsmair pressure to saidxfirst. device, means-t0 apply-said second. air pressure to. said second de-. vice, the responses; of; said devices being. propoi t-ional to. the value ofv the pressures. applied there-, to, resflient;means.to..-oppose the combined action of. saidtwodevicesaleirer system connecting said devices. foroperation to oppose the-action of: said resilient, means, and an exhibiting element ad.-. justed by said lever system.

2; In a pneumatic measuring; System formeass uring the sum of a plurality, of independent variables, the combination of independently 10-. cated. means. to. transmit independently, a plurality' of air pressures.- which. are proportional to thevalues of apl-unality of independent variables,

respectively; a remotely located] instrument to receive said air pressuresand add the samecom-. prisingan expansible pressure responsive device foneach air pressure, means. to-individually con duct said airpressures to said devices, eachofi said devices beingmounted to expand in thesame direction uponanincrease in-air pressure therein, a pivoted shaft, a pairofi' arms attached to said shaftand extending in-the same direction to be moved with said shaftas said devices expand and contract, a resilient opposing means, a third arm also attached to said shaft and. extending in a direction. opposite to: said; first, mentioned .wns. andrconnected to saidopposingmeansv when! as said devices expand theircombined. action'will be.opposed by said opposing-'means, an exhibitmg element, and connecting means; between said: arms andsaid exhibiting element whereby: the latter maybe moved to apositiondependent upon the expansion of said devices.

1 3; Ina pneumatic measuringzsystemzfionmeass uring thesum of? a. plurality of independent vari-l ables, a receiving instrument. including a. first, and a, second expansible pressure responsive. dfi." vice mounted. to. act in. a. given direction, aliesilrient opposing member mounted; to. act. in 0mm: sition. to said devices, supports: located between said. devices; and said member, a shaft. mqunted for rotationinsaid supportsapainoi lever; arms extending in onev direction. Said sharp in positions. in which each one, overlies; one, of said devices, a, third lever arm extending from said shaftv in the. opposite, direction in a position, to, overlie said member, connecting means, between said arms; and. said, devices and member; respec.. tively whereby expansion, 01.. said devices. will cause a contraction of said member, andfilkfifi hibiting elementmoved by. saidshaft as it is,-ro,-. tated by said lever arms.

lQ -QEMANK B. MOORE. 

